en-go (緣語 “binding particle”) is a term that links two ideas, uniting the poem and enhancing the image.

honka-dori (本歌曲り“reference”) is an allusion to another well-known work.

jo-kotoba (序詞 “preface word”) is an image and/or homonym of unspecified length, not necessarily immediately preceding the word to which it refers, that foreshadows a central theme word.

ka-go (雅語 “elegant-word”)

kakari-musubi (係り結び“relational-binding”) use of 連体形 after ぞ,や,か; and 已 然形 after こそ for emphasis.

kake-kotoba (掛詞 “pivot-word”) is a phoneme with more than one meaning, both of which relate to the theme, often ironically.

ku-gire (句切れ “phrase-cut”) is the most significant caesura in a wa-ka, comprised of 終止形,命令形,係り結び, or 終助詞.

makura-kotoba (枕詞 “pillow-word”) is a term, always of five syllables, immediately preceding the word to which it refers, commonly used to portray a quality (e.g., “snow” white).

mi-tate (見立て “choice”) is a simile or metaphor.

taigen-dome (体言止め “substantive-stop”) is ending a poem with a noun/noun phrase.

han-ka (反歌 “reverse poem”) is a tan-ka (短歌 “short 5-line poem”) appended to a cho-ka (長歌 “long poem”).